诺如病毒进入高发期 记住这5点早预防
诺如病毒，原名诺瓦克病毒，属于杯状病毒科，是引起急性胃肠炎常见的病原体，儿童和成年人都可能感染，常表现为呕吐和腹泻，幼龄儿童以呕吐为主，成人则以腹泻为主。全年均可发生，秋冬季高发。
为科学预防诺如病毒感染，个人和家庭可采取以下措施：
1.保持手部清洁。在餐前、便后、准备食物前和外出回家后，应遵循六步洗手法，使用肥皂和流动水至少洗手20秒，以有效预防包括诺如病毒急性胃肠炎在内的多种传染病的传播。
2.重视饮水卫生和食品安全。喝开水或者合格的瓶装水，避免饮用未经处理的生水。食用蔬菜和水果时要洗净；烹饪加工食品时要做到生熟分开，应使用不同的砧板、刀具及容器处理生熟食品，避免交叉污染；确保食物煮熟煮透，特别是贝类等海产品；外出就餐时，选择卫生条件良好、信誉度高的餐厅。
3.诺如病毒感染者应居家隔离休息，以减少传播风险。建议非住院患者居家隔离至症状消失后至少72小时，在此期间，患者应保持个人卫生，减少与他人的密切接触，特别应避免烹饪做饭或照顾其他老人和儿童，应单独用餐和休息。特殊岗位从业人员，如厨师和育婴员等，应在粪便排毒结束后才能返岗。
4.做好清洁与消毒。做好居室的日常清洁和通风，高频接触的表面和卫生间等关键区域定期消毒；确保厨房和餐具的清洁，及时处理垃圾，保持整洁卫生。当家庭成员出现胃肠炎症状时，应对其排泄物和呕吐物进行规范处理，并使用含氯消毒剂对污染的物品和表面进行彻底消毒。同时，对家中的高频接触点如门把手、卫生间等定时进行消毒。
5.保持健康生活方式。做到均衡饮食、充足睡眠和适度运动，增强身体抵抗力，预防被感染。
上述措施可以有效预防和控制诺如病毒及其他传染病的感染和传播，保护个人、家庭和公众的健康。
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